应试英语短文写作技巧

时间:2021-01-30 18:03:00 英语写作 我要投稿

应试英语短文写作技巧

  写作是综合的语言技能,和语言基本功、词汇量等都有着密切的关系,而以应试为目的的英语短文写作其实是一种新的“三股”或“五股”文,在较为固定的套路下不超过150字的篇幅内简单把文章的主题及主要内容表现出来即可。而我们从日常的教学中发现的大部分学生作文几乎可以用baby English来形容,选词简单、短句较多且都是简单句,内容空洞无物,可以说是千篇一律、毫无新意,没有吸引人的亮点,淹没在众多作文中。如何才能让作文使人眼前一亮?如何才能形成写作的独特风格?写作技巧将帮助学生改变作文单调、幼稚的面貌。

应试英语短文写作技巧

  一、 脱离baby English的`成熟风格

  1. 抛弃“以我为中心

  我们很容易在学生的作文中看到多个以I为主语的句子,这使得整篇文章看上去“我”的地位非常突出,不仅行文上给人感觉非常单调,而且显得观点的表达太过主观,孩子气太重。例如一篇以Friends为题的习作就出现了这样的问题:

  (1) I’ll talk about the topic on how to make friends. I think it’s important for everyone to make friends because we need someone to turn to when we are sad or in trouble. I also think that friends can help us succeed.

  这样的文章好似一家之言,不太具有说服力,如果我们将主语做些修改,文章的口吻将更客观:

  (2) There seems to be quite a lot for me to say about the topic how to make friends. It’s important for everyone to make friends because we often need someone to turn to when we are sad or in trouble. Friends, sometimes, can help us succeed, as many examples have shown.

  2. 合并句子

  太过简单的单句组合让文章显得零散、不成熟,一些简单的手段便可实现句子的整合,比如使用标点、连接词、介词或从句等手段。例如

  (1) In the first place, you should be kind to others and wear smile in your face. Smile is the magnet to attract others. In addition, you should try your best to remember other’s name. When you disagree with others, don’t argue with them, try to cool down.

  (2) Try to be kind to others with smile on your face which is the magnet to attract others and always try to remember other’s name. When you disagree with others, don’t argue with them but cool down.

  修改过后,四句变成了两句,通过使用介词with、 定语从句、连词and与but等手段,该段变得更为紧凑与利落。

  二、 接近real English的个性风格

  学生作文中的英语之所以看起来不太地道,一是和他们的语言基础有关,另外,语言的组织太四平八稳、缺少新意也是一个原因,他们更喜欢或习惯使用简单的主 + 谓 + 定 + 宾 + 补 + 状等正常语序的陈述句。实际上,通过行文方式的改变,作文可以使人耳目一新。

  1. 颠倒主谓

  倒装是一种语法手段,英语中最基本的倒装句为主、谓倒装,倒装有时是出于语法结构的需要,有时是出于修辞的需要,起到了突出或强调等作用,这就带来了表达效果的差异,也改变了我们的语言风格。例如:

  On the playground shouted the PE teacher, “Boys and girls, come back!”

  此句中,状语提前,主谓颠倒,读起来新颖,不落俗套。

  2. 以介词短语开头,例如:

  With the hope for being admitted to college, he studied much harder than his classmates.

  3. 以形容词开头,例如:

  (1) Sally was Betrayed. She fell into despair and sat in the dark for the whole night.

  (2) Betrayed, Sally fell into despair and sat in the dark for the whole night.

  例(1)中,第一句话省略主谓,只留下过去分词便形成(2),过去分词有时弱化分词功能,形成形容词。

  4. 以副词开头,例如:

  (1) People usually think that westerners are opener than Asains.

  (2) Usually, people think that westerners are opener than Asains.

  5. 以不定式开头,例如:

  (1) The two generations can do something together at least once a week to get a closer relationship.

  (2) To get a closer relationship, the two generations can do something together at least once a week.

  6. 以从句开头,例如:

  (1) We should do what we can do even though the current situation will not change in a short time.

  (2) Even though the current situation will not change in a short time, we should do what we can do.

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