2017高考英语写作指导4个要点

时间:2017-09-23 作文 我要投稿

  高中英语在于积累的同时,也要把握住一些词句间的变化,下面是yjbys小编分享的一些相关资料,供大家参考。

  1.句子结构的变化

  单一句式给人以枯燥、乏味、单调的感觉,而句式结构适当变化可以给文章增色,进而有助于引起阅卷教师的注意。句式结构切忌使用同一句型,特别是全部使用主谓句式,请看下例:

  Mr. Zhang is a good teacher. He knows all his students’ advantages and shortcomings. He teaches them in different ways. He also knows how to educate them in the proper time. He is a close friend of his students.

  纠正上面文章句子结构的单一性可以从以下几个方面着手: a.把简单句改为并列句或复合句;b.加上连接词起逻辑承接作用。上面一段句子结构单一的段落可以改写如下:

  As a good teacher, Mr. Zhang knows all his students’ advantages and shortcomings. He teaches them in different ways and knows how to educate them in the proper time. As a result, he becomes a close friend of his students besides a teacher.

  2.句子重点要突出

  一般来说,我们可以通过以下几个方面突出句子的重点。

  (1)将应强调的成分放在醒目的位置

  句子中最受注意的位置通常是句首和句尾。试比较下面两句话:

  A. The student who cheats in an examination is cheating only himself ultimately.

  B. The student who cheats in an examination is ultimately cheating only himself.

  句A就不如句B重点突出。

  (2)调整句子的并列和主从关系

  当句子互为并列关系时,各方面都得到相同强调;而在主从复合句中,强调之处通过主句来表达,非强调之处则通过从句或附加成分来表达。试看下例:

  I. They were waiting for the meeting to begin. They talked each other. They talked about the Chinese women volleyball team. The volleyball team had won victories.

  II. While they were waiting for the meeting to begin, they talked about the victories that the Chinese woman volleyball team had won.

  在A段中,所以内容均为并列成分,因此无重点可言。修改后的文章重点有了应有的突出,使文章层次清楚,意思明确。

  (3)主动句与被动句的搭配使用

  汉语中被动句用得少,但英语却比较多。被动语态常常用于突出动作的承受者,旨在进行客观描述、报导等。而主动句是强调句子的发出者,要根据句子表达的重点选择使用。

  (4)为了突出句子的某一部分,我们还可以采用强调句(It is/was…that…)、倒装句或排比句式去增加表达效果。

  3.段落写作

  一个段落常常是由两个部分组成,即表达该段落主题的主题句(Topic sentence)部分和说明、论述及支持这一主题的扩展句(Developing sentences)部分。在某些段落中,还有第三个部分:结论句(Ending sentence)部分。

  下面这段文章的结构比较清晰和完整:

  Diligence is the key factor of success. Diligence gives every man and woman, every boy and girl, proper work to do. Many men have become great because of their hard work. Diligence can make a fool wise and a poor man rich. Thus, we know that diligence is a good thing.

  从以上例子可以看出,按照这种方法写出来的段落,主题明确,条理清楚,而且容易被初学者掌握。

  4.常用的过度连接词

  (1)用于引导主题句,或用于主题句的后面,引导第一扩展句。

  first(ly) 第一 first of all 首先,第一

  to begin with首先,第一 for one thing首先

  in general 一般来说 (常与for another连用)

  on the one hand首先 generally speaking 一般地说

  (常与on the other hand连用)

  (2)用于承接主题句或第一个(或前一个)扩展句。

  second(ly)第二,第二点 in other words 换句话说

  besides (this) 此外 in addition 除……之外

  furthermore 而且,此外 moreover而且,此外

  what is more而且,此外 meanwhile 与此同时

  (3)有关“转”的常用词语;用来表示不同或相反的情况。

  on the contrary 相反地 however 然而

  whereas… 然而… nevertheless 尽管如此

  (4)用于小结段落中上文的内容,引导结尾句表示段落结束。

  as has been noted 如前所述 hence 因此

  in brief 简言之 in conclusion 总之

  therefore 因此 eventually 最终

  to sum up 总而言之 consequently 因此